Cell Communication
Students must know...
- The three stages of cell communication (reception, transduction, and response) and how changes couls alter cellular responses.
- How a receptor protein recognizes signal molecules and starts transduction.
- How a cell signal is amplified by a phosphorylation cascade.
- An example of a second messenger and its role in a signal transduction pathway.
- How a cell response in the nucleus turns on genes, whereas in the cytoplasm it activates enzymes.
- What apoptosis means and why its important to normal functioning of multicellular organisms.
- The brain serves as a master neurological center for processing information and directing responses.
- Different regions of the brain have different functions.
- How the vertebrate brain integrates informaiton, which leads to an appropriate response.
- How long distance and short distance signaling is done in neurons.
- The process that leads to release of neurotransmitters and what happens at the synapse.
- Mechanisms by which plant cells communicate with other distant cells.
- How hormones bind to target receptors and trigger specific pathways.
- The secretion, target, action, and regulation of at least two hormones.
- An illustration of both positive and negative feedback in the regulation of homeostasis by hormones.
- Several elements of an innate immune response.
- The differences between B and T cells relative to their activation and actions.
- How antigens are recognized by immune system cells.
- The differences in humoral and cell-mediated immunity.
- Why helper T cells are central to immune response.
Reading/Podcast Guides
Lectures
Molecular Models & Vocabulary